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Govt Sets December 2024 Deadline For Chardham Road Connectivity

The Ministry has launched a separate connection improvement scheme for Uttarakhand’s Char-Dham (Kedarnath, Badrinath, Yamunothri, and Gangothri). 40 civil works totaling Rs. 9474 crore (including cost of pre-construction works totaling Rs. 491 crore) in a length of 673 km have been sanctioned under the Chardham project, out of a total of 53 civil works covering an entire length of 889 km. 34 works totaling Rs. 7923 crores in length have been granted, of which 30 works totaling Rs. 7679 crores in length of 589 km are ongoing and 78 km have been finished as of March 2019 and 2 works totaling Rs. 141 crores in length of 1.1 km have been completed.

In the Indian state of Uttarakhand, the Char Dham National Highway is a two-lane (in each direction) express National Highway with a minimum width of 10 metres that is currently under development. By connecting the four holy spots in Uttarakhand states of Badrinath, Kedarnath, Gangotri, and Yamunotri, the under-construction highway will complement the under-construction Char Dham Railway. The project involves 900 kilometres of national highways that would connect the whole state of Uttarakhand. In the Indian state of Uttarakhand, the Char Dham National Highway is a two-lane (in each direction) express National Highway with a minimum width of 10 metres that is currently under development. By connecting the four holy spots in Uttarakhand states of Badrinath, Kedarnath, Gangotri, and Yamunotri, the under-construction highway will complement the under-construction Char Dham Railway.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi lay the foundation stone for the project on December 27, 2016, at Parade Ground in Dehradun, at a cost of Rs 12,000 crores. The highway will be known as Char Dham Mahamarg (Char Dham Highway), and the highway development project will be known as Char Dham Mahamarg Vikas Pariyojana (Char Dham Highway Development Project), and it will be built to improve connectivity to the Chota Char Dham, which is nestled in the Himalayas. To reduce accident and slide-prone locations, the road will contain multiple lengthy bridges and tunnels. The Chief Secretary of India has urged Indian Railways and the National Highways Authority of India to ensure that rail and highway routes are integrated on this circuit.

Chardham Rail Line Project
The Chardham rail link has made another step ahead. In Badrinath, Central Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu lay the foundation stone for the 43,000 crore Chardham railway project final location survey. To offer train access to the Chardham pilgrimages of Gangotri, Yamunotri, Kedarnath, and Badrinath. The final location survey for the railine to Chardham will be conducted by Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd.

Uttarakhand would benefit from the futuristic and ambitious Chardham railway line project, which will enhance pilgrimage and tourism. It will also make it easier to get to the state’s major pilgrimages, which are visited by thousands of pilgrims each year. The project will provide a secure and comfortable transportation to Chardham, in addition to tourism and job creation. The project will comprise the construction of 328 kilometres of railway line, 21 new railway stations, 61 tunnels (279 kilometres), and 59 bridges using cutting-edge engineering technologies. Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd conducted a Reconnaissance Engineering Survey (REC) for rail link to Chardham in 2014-2015 and submitted the report in October of that year. It suggests two railheads for the Gangotri-Yamunotri route, one at Doiwala and the other at Karanprayag for the Badrinath-Kedarnath route. The railway line for Gangotri and Yamunotri will begin at Doiwala, near Dehradun, while it will begin in Karnaprayag for Kedarnath and Badrinath. According to Railway Ministry authorities, the Doiwala-Gangotri line will be 131 kilometres long, with another 22 kilometres of track being laid from Maneri to Yamunotri. A 99-kilometer rail link will be built between Karnaprayag and Sonprayag for Kedarnath, and a 75-kilometer track will be built between Karnaprayag and Joshimath for Badrinath.

The government has set a timetable for the Chardham road connectivity project of December 2024. The Supreme Court’s order enabling the widening of the road network has now set the path for the unfinished work to be resumed and expedited. The road transport and highways ministry has yet to construct roughly 229 kilometres of the remaining network, according to the project’s current state. According to sources, construction organisations have finished putting black top (bituminous work) over 561 kilometres of road. The road transport and highways ministry has yet to construct roughly 229 kilometres of the remaining network, according to the project’s current state. According to sources, construction organizations have finished putting the black top (bituminous work) over 561 kilometres of the  road network.

Gaganyaan: Indian Human Spaceflight Programme

Gaganyaan is an Indian crewed orbital spacecraft that will serve as the foundation for the country’s human spaceflight programme. The spaceship will be able to carry three people, and an updated version will be able to rendezvous and dock with other spacecraft. The Indian Space Research Organisation’s (ISRO) mostly autonomous 5.3 metric tonnes spacecraft will circle the Earth at 400 km altitude for up to seven days with a two or three-person crew on board in its debut crewed mission. The first crewed mission was scheduled to launch aboard ISRO’s GSLV Mk III in December 2021, but that date has been pushed back to no earlier than 2023.

The first uncrewed testing flight of this Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) crew module took place on December 18, 2014. The crew module’s design has been finalised as of May 2019. Critical human-centric systems and technology including as space-grade food, crew healthcare, radiation measurement and protection, parachutes for the safe recovery of the crew module, and a fire suppression system will be supported by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). While the first uncrewed Gaganyaan launch has been delayed owing to the COVID-19 epidemic in India, the overall timeframe for crewed launches is projected to remain unaffected, according to an announcement made on June 11, 2020.

Gaganyaan’s preliminary research and development began in 2006 under the generic name “Orbital Vehicle.” The idea was to create a basic capsule with a week in space endurance, a capacity for two astronauts, and a splashdown landing after re-entry. By March 2008, the design had been finalised and had been presented to the Indian government for funding. The Indian Human Spaceflight Programme was approved in February 2009, but due to a lack of developmental money, it fell short. The orbital vehicle’s first uncrewed flight was originally scheduled for 2013, but was then pushed back to 2016. However, it was reported in April 2012 that financing issues had put the project’s future in jeopardy, and in August 2013, it was stated that all Indian crewed spaceflight attempts had been declared as “off ISRO’s priority list.” The project was re-evaluated in early 2014, and it was one of the key beneficiaries of a significant budget increase announced in February 2014. ISRO is basing the Gaganyaan orbital vehicle on their scaled 550 kilogramme Space Capsule Recovery Experiment (SRE), which was launched and recovered in January 2007.

The most recent push for the Indian Human Spaceflight Program occurred in 2017, and Prime Minister Narendra Modi agreed and formally announced it on August 15, 2018. The present plan calls for a three-person crew. During the Gaganyaan mission, ISRO will conduct four biological and two physical research investigations linked to microgravity. ISRO intends to use hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN), ammonium nitrate, methanol, and water in place of hydrazine in the Gaganyaan mission, for which the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC) is already developing a monopropellant blended formulation consisting of hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN), ammonium nitrate, methanol, and water. ISRO has chosen five science projects to be carried out on Gaganyaan as of October 2021. Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST), University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (UASD), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), IIT Patna, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), and Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCARS) will develop the payloads (JNCASR). Two of the five are biological investigations that will be carried out by IIST, UASD, and TIFR, and will look at kidney stone formation and the impact of the Sirtuin 1 gene marker in Drosophila melanogaster. IIT Patna will conduct research on a heat sink that can withstand high heat flux, IICT will investigate crystallisation, and JNCASR will examine fluid mixing features.

The Gaganyaan mission, which is scheduled to launch in 2023 with three Indian astronauts, will splash down near the Indian shore. New information about the landing zone options, which might be in the Arabian Sea or the Bay of Bengal, has surfaced. In an essay in Manorama Yearbook 2022, Dr Unnikrishnan Nair, Director, Human Space Flight Centre (HSFC), Isro, discusses the mission’s progress, which could see its first uncrewed flight by the end of this year. The Crew Escape System, which will be part of the module, is now being validated by the Human Space Flight Centre.

The Gaganyaan Orbital Module (OM) is made up of two parts: the Crew Module (CM) and the Service Module (SM), and it weighs around 8,000 kg. The OM will orbit the Earth at a speed of around 7,800 metres per second when in orbit. A Human Rated Launch Vehicle (HRLV), a modified variant of the GSLV MK-III launch vehicle, will launch the Orbital module. Dr. Nair points out that the Command Module (CM), a double-walled structure and astronaut home, features an ablative Thermal Protection System (TPS) to shield it from the high aerodynamic heating throughout the flight. The Command Module, which is equipped with a survival packet for each crew that can sustain them for roughly two days, will be recovered by recovery team upon landing in either of the two sites. The crew, which consists of four officers from the Indian Air Force (IAF), has finished the overseas part of their training and is now working on the Indian portion. They had generic space flight training in Russia, and the Indian leg will see them familiarising themselves with all possible scenarios that may arise while in flight.

Development timeline of Gaganyaan
Flight Date Regime Crew Notes Outcome
Re-entry Test 18 December 2014 Sub-orbital N/A Sub-orbital test of scaled down boilerplate Gaganyaan capsule, launched aboard the sub-orbital first test flight of ISRO’s GSLV Mark III rocket. Success
Pad Abort Test 5 July 2018 Atmospheric N/A 4-minute test of Gaganyaan’s Launch abort system from launch pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre. Success
G1 Q1 2023 LEO N/A First orbital test flight of Gaganyaan capsule. Planned
G2 Q4 2023 LEO N/A Second orbital test flight of Gaganyaan capsule. Planned
H1 2024 LEO  TBA
TBA
TBA
First crewed flight of Gaganyaan, will carry 1-3 Indian astronauts on a short orbital test flight. Planned

 

The rocket will inject the spacecraft into an orbit 300–400 km (190–250 mi) above Earth around 16 minutes after liftoff from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) in Sriharikota. Before reentry, the spacecraft’s service module and solar panels will be discarded. The capsule would return to the Bay of Bengal for a parachute splashdown.

Vyommitra is a female-looking spacefaring humanoid robot being built by India’s Space Research Organisation for use on the Gaganyaan, a crewed orbital spaceship. Vyommitra was initially shown on January 22, 2020 in Bengaluru at the Human Spaceflight and Exploration symposium. It will travel to space with Indian astronauts and will also participate in uncrewed experimental Gaganyaan missions prior to crewed spaceflight missions.

Unlike other nations that have achieved human space flight, ISRO does not intend to fly animals on experimental missions. Instead, it will fly humanoid robots to learn more about the effects of weightlessness and radiation on the human body over lengthy periods of time in space. Vyommitra will fly onboard uncrewed Gaganyaan missions to conduct microgravity experiments, monitor module parameters, and assist astronauts on crewed trips by imitating human-like activities. It can speak Hindi and English and complete a variety of activities. It has the ability to imitate human behaviour, recognise other humans, and answer to their questions. Technically, it can control the environment and provide life support, as well as operate switch panels and provide environmental air pressure change notifications.

How to Beat Loneliness: Boost Your Health & Happiness With Simple Tips

Free time is glorified at times, but research reveals that it can be hazardous at times by promoting loneliness. According to a new Penn State study, engaging in important, demanding activities during free time can help people feel less lonely and more cheerful. An international team of researchers, led by John Dattilo, a Penn State professor of recreation, park, and tourist management, has been researching strategies to boost leisure and reduce loneliness among foreign college students and older persons during the pandemic. The researchers discovered that persons who had important, challenging experiences were less lonely, even when increased levels of social contact and support were not available, in two separate experiments. “There’s an old adage that goes, ‘Time flies when you’re having fun,'” Dattilo added. “When you’re bored, the implicit corollary is that time slows down. Both of these theories are supported by our findings. People can alleviate loneliness and boost immediate happiness by engaging in meaningful activities that require focus during idle time.”

Loneliness and the Pandemic
Previous study has indicated that loneliness has increased in recent decades, despite — or perhaps partly because of — technology that can connect individuals everywhere at any time. Loneliness affects people of all ages, including children, young adults, and the elderly. The global problem of loneliness was aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which drove many individuals to change their social behaviour in order to limit the spread of disease. “Loneliness has a strong link to our health,” Dattilo said. “When people are lonely, their psychological, emotional, and cognitive health are all harmed. Loneliness has been linked to depression and other mental illnesses.”

“”Confusingly,” Dattilo added, “there is a loneliness epidemic.” While the COVID-19 epidemic has made many people more lonely, the silver lining is that the pandemic has also shown the extent of the loneliness problem. Anything we can do as a society to eliminate loneliness should benefit everyone everywhere’s health and happiness.” The researchers investigated loneliness among international university students in Taiwan in a new article published in Leisure Sciences. Late in 2021, the same study team published a paper on minimising loneliness among nursing home patients.

Loneliness among international university students is frequent over the world, according to previous study. International students are cut off from their social networks and must adapt to a new society, often speaking a foreign language. International students can typically avoid loneliness by participating in social activities in order to receive’social support,’ or the feeling that the people with whom they socialise care about them. However, many group-based activities and social meetings were cancelled or forbidden during the pandemic. Furthermore, due to language and cultural barriers, the researchers discovered that the online social possibilities that arose as a result of the epidemic may be less accessible to overseas students.

Flow reduces Loneliness
Reduced loneliness, according to the researchers, is linked to engaging in rewarding activities that demand both concentration and competence. “When people become completely immersed in their work, they experience a state known as ‘flow,'” Dattilo explained. “Flow can be created by participating in mental or physical activities that we enjoy and that demand us to focus fully in order to employ our abilities.” An activity must take a significant amount of expertise from people to achieve a state of flow, but not be so tough that it appears impossible. It must also necessitate concentration in order to be executed and meaningful to the person. Flow can be achieved through artistic undertakings such as playing the piano or painting. Physical hobbies like skiing and wood chopping, as well as mental occupations like writing and storytelling, might be beneficial. Flow is different for each person depending on their unique abilities and values.

“We become absorbed and focused, and we experience fleeting delight when we enter a state of flow,” Dattilo concluded. “We are frequently shocked by how much time has passed when we exit a state of flow.” People with a lot of spare time, such as college students who are quarantined during a pandemic or nursing home residents, can experience flow by engaging in activities that they find meaningful. According to the researchers, as a result of this, time goes swiftly for them, their lives have significance, and their loneliness is decreased.

The primary way that people overcome loneliness is through social support from friends and acquaintances. Obtaining enough social support, on the other hand, might be difficult for many people. Although students with high amounts of social support were less lonely, the researchers discovered that flow was even more beneficial in alleviating loneliness. In instances where social support is limited, assisting someone in achieving flow might help them feel less lonely. More importantly, it can help people in any setting feel less lonely.

Encouraging flow for everyone
Depending on the individual, some activities never create flow, while others may or may not. There is nothing wrong with watching television, according to Dattilo, but it usually does not help people into a state of flow because they are unlikely to face any problems. Furthermore, different people find various hobbies to be important and entertaining. According to Dattilo, nursing home patients are unlikely to like bingo if they did not love similar games when they were younger. “It takes asking questions and listening to figure out which activities can help someone enter a state of flow,” Dattilo added. “Healthy engagement and challenge tend to make people happy. My team and I believe that this study will enable individuals to live more fulfilling, happier, and healthier lives.”

Taiwan’s Ministry of Science and Technology provided funding for this study. The study’s principal author was Liang-Chih Chang of Taiwan’s National Open University in New Taipei City. This study was also supported by Pei-Chun Hseih of Brock University in Ontario, Canada, and Fei-Hsin Huang of Lungwha University of Science and Technology in Taoyuan City, Taiwan.

Insects Must Cross A Textile Maze In The ‘Plant Armor’ Crop Cover

If insects want to approach a plant, they are forced to negotiate a maze-like path developed by North Carolina State University researchers. In comparison to an alternate crop cover, the design was more effective at preventing insects from reaching cabbage plants in repeated experiments. The Plant Armor, according to the researchers, could provide a more effective, chemical-free alternative for pest protection. “We discovered that we can use this new technology to guard against insects we didn’t think we could protect against,” said Grayson Cave, a doctorate candidate at NC State and the study’s first author.

“We’ve demonstrated that we can employ a mechanical barrier to keep tobacco thrips and probably other insects out while allowing the plant to grow and thrive underneath.” Previously, plant covers were meant to keep insects out only based on their size, much like a window screen, according to researchers. However, that method can be challenging for trying to keep out insects as little as tobacco thrips, which are approximately the size of a pencil point. “To exclude truly minute insects using typical textile cover designs, the gaps would have to be so small that water, air, and moisture couldn’t get through,” said study senior researcher Mike Roe, William Neal Reynolds Distinguished Professor of Entomology at NC State.

The researchers achieved this by creating a three-layer, three-dimensional cover crocheted with clear yarn in the outermost and innermost layers. The yarn, which may be manufactured out of recycled plastic, allows light to travel through while keeping insects away from plants. Within the Plant Armor, a knitted inner layer is layered perpendicular to the two outer layers, forming a maze-like structure.

“The insect has to figure out how to pass through the maze to get to the plant on the other side with our design,” Roe explained. “It’s more difficult to get through because of the tortuosity. The bug only has a limited amount of time to find nourishment before it dies. For a juvenile insect, that is a relatively short period of time.”

In the first of three tests, researchers discovered that insects took substantially longer to penetrate the Plant Armor. They used Plant Armor or another crop cover to separate a cabbage leaf and ten tobacco thrips in a Petri dish. Five thrips required three hours to get through the Plant Armor, but only 12 minutes to get through a commercially available single-layer crop cover. Their approach was over 90% efficient in stopping unfed juvenile caterpillars from passing the Plant Armor in 12 hours in the identical trial with young, unfed caterpillars.

“In real life, the insect has a number of options for finding food; this was a worst-case scenario where they just had one option,” Roe explained. “As a result, we anticipate significantly stronger protection in the natural environment.” When scientists examined how successfully Plant Armor could protect potted cabbage plants in a cage containing unfed caterpillars, they found that unprotected plants were infested and nearly totally eaten, but plants that were covered and sealed with Plant Armor were not. After 10 days, they found no caterpillars on the covered plants.

The Plant Armor’s most recent experiment was a three-month outside field trial to see how well it operated as a greenhouse cover. Plants protected by Plant Armor were found to be larger on average; the weight of cabbages protected by Plant Armor was nearly three times that of the control. More research is needed to evaluate whether the thickness, pore size, or maze-like shape of the inner layer successfully excluded insects. However, their research shows that their chemical-free design can be effective against small animals. “Thrips are minuscule,” Cave explained. “We believe we have a fair chance of keeping other, larger insects out if we can keep them out. The neonatal caterpillars, on the other hand, must feed right away because they are the tiniest stage of caterpillars. This provides some preliminary evidence that this could be protective against other caterpillars as well.” Researchers believe their crop cover could be a viable option for high-value crops such as grapes. They also want to see if the cover may be used to assist protect plants in extreme weather and as the climate changes in the future.

Andre West, associate professor of textile, apparel, and technology management at NC State and director of Zeis Textiles Extension, stated, “Part of what we’re doing is identifying new, smart textiles.” “We believe that this design could benefit farmers in harsh regions or in areas where crop output is restricted. For organic farms, it might also be a viable option. Not only is the product manufactured using recycled components, but it also has the potential to be recycled again.” The research was published in the journal Agriculture under the title “Novel 3-D Spacer Textiles to Protect Crops from Insect-Infestation and Enhance Plant Growth.” Marian G. McCord, senior vice provost at the University of New Hampshire and adjunct professor in NC State’s Department of Forest Biomaterials; Bryan Koene and Benjamin Beck of Luna Innovations; and Jean M. Deguenon and Kun Luan, postdoctoral research scholars at NC State, are among the co-authors.

This study is based on research funded by the United States Department of Agriculture’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture under Agreement No. 2015-33610-23785 of the Small Business Innovation Research Grants Program. Any opinions, results, conclusions, or recommendations stated in this article are solely those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the USDA. Cave received a teaching assistantship from NC State, while Cave and Roe are funded by the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station. Potential conflicts of interest: Vector Textiles is the sole owner of a patent related to Plant Armor technology. McCord, Roe, and West are co-inventors on a patent linked to NC State’s invention, and would benefit from any cash generated from commercialization.

Supertech Twin Towers: SC Claims that homebuyers’ Interests Will Be Protected

The demolition plan for the Supertech twin towers included almost 2,500 kg of explosives and only 9 seconds. The Supreme Court ordered the skyscrapers to be dismantled, and they will be burned to the ground by May 22. The towers will be demolished by Edifice Engineering, a company chosen by the Noida Authority and the Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, in partnership with Jet Demolition, a South African company.

The twin Supertech skyscrapers in Noida’s Sector 93A would be demolished in nine seconds, according to the company coordinating the destruction. The Supreme Court ordered the skyscrapers to be dismantled, and they will be burned to the ground by May 22. The towers will be demolished by Edifice Engineering, a company chosen by the Noida Authority and the Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, in partnership with Jet Demolition, a South African company. The implosion would take roughly 9 seconds, according to Uttkarsh Mehta, Partner, Edifice Engineering. The two towers would fall almost simultaneously, with the higher tower following the smaller one by a few milliseconds.

The twin Supertech skyscrapers in Noida’s Sector 93A would be demolished in nine seconds, according to the company coordinating the destruction. The Supreme Court ordered the skyscrapers to be dismantled, and they will be burned to the ground by May 22. The towers will be demolished by Edifice Engineering, a company chosen by the Noida Authority and the Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, in partnership with Jet Demolition, a South African company. The implosion would take roughly 9 seconds, according to Uttkarsh Mehta, Partner, Edifice Engineering. The two towers would fall almost simultaneously, with the higher tower following the smaller one by a few milliseconds.

Supertech is footing the bill for the deconstruction. On August 30 of last year, the Supreme Court ordered the twin skyscrapers to be demolished within three months for breaking building distance laws. According to Mehta, the demolition material will need to be processed in a construction and demolition waste facility or disposed of in a low-lying region. The Supertech project, according to Mehta, is taller than the housing complexes that the firm dismantled in Kochi in 2020 due to Coastal Regulation Zone violations.

When Will Investors Get Their Money in the Supertech Twin Tower Case? Acknowledge the SC Guidelines
Supertech, a beleaguered real estate firm, has announced that it has reached an agreement with Edifice Engineering to destroy its ambitious 40-story twin towers in Noida, which have drawn the wrath of the Supreme Court. This happened just days after the Supreme Court ordered the real estate mogul to sign a contract to destroy the Emerald Court twin skyscraper project and compensate investors without discrimination. Supertech has previously shared the specifics of the agreement with the New Okhla Industrial Development Authority (NOIDA) on the towers’ demolition plans in Sector 93A of the city, which had been built in violation of building bye-laws.

“Supertech has signed a deal with Edifice Engineering for the execution of the destruction of the twin tower and paid an advance payment to it for the mobilisation of men, materials, and machinery to site as per this agreement,” a Supertech representative stated on January 23, Sunday. The Noida Authority has also received a copy of the abovementioned demolition agreement, which was executed and fully signed by and between Supertech and Edifice Engineering, according to the spokesperson.

The Supreme Court issued an order to Supertech on August 31 last year, saying that its twin skyscrapers, Apex and Ceyane, under the Emerald Court project, should be demolished within three months for violating building codes. The corporation, however, did not comply with the ruling and was hauled up again early this month, with the company being asked to make the repayments. Last Monday, Mumbai-based engineering firm Edifice Engineering was offered a letter of intent. No-objection certificates (NOCs) linked to the environment, logistics, storage, and use of explosives for demolition activities are still pending, according to a Supertech representative.

When Will Investors Get Refunds?
In a separate judgement issued on Friday, January 21, the Supreme Court ordered Supertech to reimburse all money invested in the project, plus interest, to all home buyers by February 28, extending the original deadline of January 17. The Supreme Court approved Amicus Curae Gaurav Agrawal’s computation formula, saying it will be used to determine the sum due and payable. The methodology proposed by Supertech was rejected by the bench, which included Justices DY Chandrachud and Bela Trivedi.

“In our opinion, the reimbursement that is required and payable stems from this court’s decision. The bench stated, “At this stage, when the court is exercising its contempt jurisdiction, it would be required to propose a remedy that is consistent with the tenor of the main judgement, to achieve a refund of the money paid by the home buyers, coupled with interest as directed.” It goes on to say that payments made toward previously issued refunds would be taken into account when calculating the sum owing and payable. The Supreme Court further stated that buyers who had not filed for contempt would be entitled to the same amount of money back with interest as those who had filed for contempt.

According to the Supreme Court, the interests of homebuyers will be protected
The Supreme Court on Monday sought to reassure property buyers that their investments in Supertech Ltd’s 40-story Emerald Court twin tower project, which was declared bankrupt by the National Company Law Tribunal, would be protected (NCLT). “Here is our refund request.” “We will defend the interests of those home buyers,” Justice D Y Chandrachud, who presided over the bench, stated. The bench, which also included Justice Surya Kant, ordered the homebuyers to submit their refund claims by April 15. Meanwhile, Supertech Ltd has informed the court that it will appeal the NCLT judgement, which was issued in response to a petition filed by the Union Bank of India regarding the non-payment of around Rs 432 crore in dues.

Although the court set a deadline of March 31 for finishing the repayments, Supertech’s lawyers stated that this was postponed because the company was declared insolvent on March 25. The amicus curiae in the case, Advocate Gaurav Agarwal, and the counsel for the former management of the real estate firm informed the bench that out of a total of 711 property buyers, 652 had paid their claims and only 59 remained. “The amount of claims of homebuyers shall be isolated from other claims of financial creditors,” the bench added. The case will now be heard on May 8th.

On August 31, 2021, the Supreme Court ordered the twin towers to be demolished for violating building codes in “collusion” with NOIDA officials. The Supreme Court ruled that the construction must be dealt with severely in order to ensure that the rule of law is followed. The NOIDA authorities had informed the Supreme Court in February that demolition work had begun and would be completed by May 22.

 

Ganpati Decorations For Home That Environmentally Friendly

Even when it comes to commemorating Ganesh Chaturthi, there are various methods to contribute to environmental protection. With the Coronavirus crisis looming, this becomes even more critical. You may create a festive ambiance in a green fashion by following the simple principles of reduce, reuse, and recycle, without jeopardising the health and safety of your home and those who live in it. Eco-friendly Ganpati holiday celebrations have quietly gained popularity over the years, with individuals choosing eco-friendly Ganesh idols. People are also interested in eco-friendly decorations, according to Ashni Desai, owner of Bloom ’89, a premium décor and gifting company. Instead of utilising thermocol temples, Desai proposes using rich fabrics for the backdrop. “Brightly coloured fabrics and rich brocades can be easily stored and reused the following year. Also, a clay temple or a temple made of recycled papier-mâché draped with cloth can be built to house the eco-friendly Ganesh statue without harming the environment,” Desai adds.

New trends in Ganpati decoration for home
According to Pameli Kayal, an architect and interior designer, there are certain to be many things in any home that can be reused, from garments to accessories like bottles, towels, cartons, old papers, or napkins. Because many of you are still hesitant to venture out and only purchase when absolutely necessary, this could be your go-to option for bringing home holiday cheer this year. Additionally, the products indicated above can be utilised to teach recycling and reuse to youngsters at home.

“This is a wonderful way to bring the family together around the holidays.” Before purchasing any expensive new item, consider whether you truly require it. Repainting an old trunk and laying a mattress or pillow on top of it, for example, is an easy method to provide more seating area for guests during the holiday season. You can additionally embroider the rims or cover them with a material of your choice. Cushion covers can be made from old T-shirts and silk kurtis. “A lot can be accomplished with little or no money,” Kayal continues. Plastic, thermocol, and other artificial accessories can be replaced with natural, biodegradable materials when it comes to decoration. Other eco-friendly home décor possibilities include traditional earthen lamps, linen, coconut shells, repurposed glass, potted plants, and so on.

Ganpati decoration with eco-friendly lighting
You can use energy-saving LED bulbs for lighting. “You can use paper and cloth as shades to make a decorative element out of it.” “You can also turn everyday materials like bottles, fish bowls, coconut shells, cold drink cans, and so on into show pieces with a little creativity,” Kayal says. For an eco-friendly Ganpati display, use LED string lights to add shine to the décor. String lights around a floral toran on the front door, the dining table legs, behind sheer curtains, and on plants and trees LEDs can also be used as pendants, chandeliers, and wall sconces in a variety of styles. For an ethereal look, paint old twigs vivid colours, wrap them in small LED lights, and set them in a vase. Choose multi-colored LEDs in the shape of auspicious symbols like ohm, swastika, or mangal kalash for a glittering backdrop for Lord Ganesha.

Ways to make Ganpati decorations more festive
Another method to give a festive touch is to use fresh flowers such as marigolds, mogra, and roses to decorate the house. In the entrance, urlis or glass bowls with floating candles and elaborately painted diyas might be used. “Coordinate the decorations by colour or choose a theme for your temple area. Opt for steel plates or mirror trays for puja thalis, which can be easily customised with colourful accessories and paint,” Desai advises. Flowers and grains can be used to decorate puja thalis. Use geru (red earth soil), turmeric, henna, and rice powder to make a rangoli. Freshen up the space by cleaning it with baking soda and lemon water to make it more inviting.

Ways to make Ganpati decorations more festive
Another method to give a festive touch is to use fresh flowers such as marigolds, mogra, and roses to decorate the house. In the entrance, urlis or glass bowls with floating candles and elaborately painted diyas might be used. “Coordinate the decorations by colour or choose a theme for your temple area. Opt for steel plates or mirror trays for puja thalis, which can be easily customised with colourful accessories and paint,” Desai advises. Flowers and grains can be used to decorate puja thalis. Use geru (red earth soil), turmeric, henna, and rice powder to make a rangoli. Freshen up the space by cleaning it with baking soda and lemon water to make it more inviting.

Do’s and don’ts for making an eco-friendly Ganpati display at home:

  • Decorate with dried leaves, twigs, branches, beetle nuts, and little rounded pebbles that have been painted.
  • Paper kites and pinwheels can be used as decorations.
  • Those with a creative streak can produce décor items out of recycled paper origami flowers or paper quilling art.
  • To decorate and build the temple or throne on which the Ganesha statue will be placed, use biodegradable materials such as bamboo, jute, cane, cork, coloured strings, hay, and coir ropes. The pillars can be made out of banana leaves with stems or bamboo plants.
  • A tiny vertical garden can be created on one wall and used as a backdrop for the Ganpati idol. Alternatively, you can set the Ganpati idol beneath a gorgeous bonsai tree in a small tray, which is lit up with fairy lights.
  • Beads, multi-colored sheers, or vintage dupattas can all be used as decorations.
  • Use coconut shells as diyas or make yellow-colored diyas by mixing turmeric powder into wheat flour dough.
  • Plastics should be avoided since they are difficult to recycle. Instead, store the puja’s accessories in cane baskets.
  • To distribute prasad, use fabric or little paper bags made from old newspapers and embellished with dried flowers or elegant ribbons.
  • Instead of using thermocol plates, use biodegradable alternatives like banana leaf and bamboo plates. Drinks should be served in earthen pots or kulhads.
  • Used bottles can be used to build a table lamp. Decoupage (the art of adorning a surface with paper cutouts and covering the surface with varnish (or adhesive)) can brighten glass bottles for décor.
  • Old card boxes, textile flowers, discarded costume jewellery, glitter, and pearls can all be used to make torans and rangolis.
  • Use fairy lights to brighten up the temple area. To add a distinctive décor element, these lights can also be set in a corner or in a simple coloured glass jar.
  • Separate the garbage and dispose of it responsibly. Compost can be made from organic material such as flowers and leaves that have been collected.

Word of caution
Cities are restricting communal festivals and idol immersions in light of the increased cases of Coronavirus illnesses. Direct immersion of idols has been prohibited by the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC), for example. This year, the idol immersion will be conducted through a number of collection centres that will gather idols from individuals and complete the process. Those who refuse to accept this alternative must submerge the idol in their own homes. To safeguard the environment, it is preferable to submerge the idol in a government-constructed water tank or artificial pond, or to immerse the clay idol in a pail of water at home. Use the clay water that has been dissolved to water your plants.

 

Using Gene Scissors To Target Certain Cell Types For Elimination

Genetic information in a plant can be edited using the CRISPR/Cas molecular scissors to make it more resistant to pests, illnesses, or extreme climatic circumstances. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) researchers have improved this method by removing the entire DNA of select cell types, preventing their synthesis during plant development. This will also aid scientists in better understanding plant development pathways.

Plants’ DNA — the transporter of genetic information — may be changed using molecular scissors. The CRISPR/Cas technology, which Professor Holger Puchta, a molecular biologist at KIT’s Botanical Institute, co-developed in plants, has already been used to specifically insert, swap, or combine genes. The goal is to improve the plant’s resilience to illnesses and the effects of the environment. CRISPR/Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) are molecular scissors that can recognize and cut DNA sequences with pinpoint accuracy. “For the past 30 years, we’ve been researching molecular scissors for plant application. Initially, we used them to change the expression of individual genes. We were the first in the world to rearrange whole chromosomes two years ago “Puchta explains. The European Research Council awarded the pioneer of genome editing two Advanced Grants for his work (ERC). “This method was possible to be improved. We’ve reached a whole new level of progress with CRISPR-Kill: we can now kill specific plant cell types and block the production of specific plant parts.”

Using CRISPR-Kill to Kill Secondary Roots and Petals
The scientists focused their research on the secondary roots and petals of the model plant tale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana). “These are classic biological examples. We now have a better understanding of the genetic programmed and cell types involved in the creation of these plant organs “explains the molecular biologist CRISPR-Kill plants did not produce any petals or additional roots when these cells were removed, but control plants grew normally.

CRISPR-Kill, unlike other approaches that use cytotoxins or laser radiation to kill cells, causes numerous cuts in the genome. A genome is made up of a set of chromosomes on which the individual genes are organized in a specific order. “Until now, CRISPR/Cas has only targeted one spot and cut once or twice to change a gene or chromosome,” Puchta explains. “Now our molecular scissors have been reprogrammed.” They no longer address the genomic DNA only once, but instead look for a sequence that occurs frequently in the genome and is required for the cell’s survival in the corresponding cell type. Many cuts are caused at the same time in this manner, much too many for the cell to mend. The prison cell will die.

Better Understanding Development Processes in Plants
The KIT researchers’ work falls under the category of fundamental research. “We can learn more about plant development by looking at what happens when a specific cell type is removed. What is the plant’s reaction? How adaptable is the plant as it grows? Can we, for example, eliminate sections of plants that aren’t needed in agriculture? “Puchta continues. In the long run, this approach may benefit food production and pharmaceutical applications by preventing the plant from producing cells that create poisons, for example. Furthermore, the method could be used to modify specific tissues in multicellular creatures.

CHINA: CIFI Holdings To Issue $250 Million Convertible Bonds

CIFI Holdings (Group) Co. Ltd. (“CIFI” or the “Company,” and together with its subsidiaries, the “Group”), with headquarters in Shanghai and Hong Kong, is primarily engaged in the property development and investment business in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC” or “China”). We primarily concentrate on creating high-quality, end-user-driven properties in China’s first, second, and third tier cities. Our development projects include a wide range of property kinds, including residential, office, and commercial buildings. We are set to continue our quick expansion and develop into a prominent countrywide property developer by using our successful business strategy and excellent execution capabilities.

We now have a significant presence in China’s major first-, second-, and third-tier cities, as well as a statewide operating coverage. We had property developments in 71 cities in four regions as of December 31, 2019: the Yangtze River Delta, the Pan Bohai Rim, the Central Western Region, and the South China Region. We possessed a land bank with a total and attributable GFA of about 50.7 million sq.m. and 26.5 million sq.m., respectively, as of December 31, 2019. Looking ahead, CIFI aspires to become a leading and well-respected real estate firm in China, guided by our missions of “creating value for our clients” and “building for a better life.”

We have been supporting and practising the concept of responsible development for over two decades, with the United Nations’ “2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)” as our guiding path. Along with commercial expansion, we pay close attention to meeting our environmental and social obligations, as well as meeting our commitments to stakeholders in a timely manner. We work consistently on design and technological innovation, preserve our corporate integrity and transparent culture, and engage in philanthropy, all in an effort to deliver on our company objective of “Building Better Lives” with ingenuity and dedication to product and service quality.

To thoroughly manage the Group’s ESG performance, the Group has included ESG governance into its corporate governance structure, employing a four-level working mechanism of “decision-making level, supervision and recommendation level, overall communication level, and executive level.” Furthermore, the Group has clarified its management objectives, responsibilities, and assessment mechanism, continuously improved ESG affairs and risk management, and ensured that ESG risk management, objectives, plans, implementation, and progress are communicated to the company’s directors and senior executives through regular reports. The goal of this project is to ensure the efficacy and continuity of ESG management.

The term “contracted sales” refers to sales made by the Group’s subsidiaries, joint ventures, and affiliated companies. Contracted sales data is not audited and is based on Group internal data. Contracted sales data is offered for investors’ reference only and may be subject to numerous uncertainties during the process of compiling such sales data. Fair value gains/losses, net exchange loss/gain, share option grant expenses, loss on early redemption of senior notes, and share of fair value gains/losses and net exchange loss/gain at joint ventures and affiliated firms, net of deferred taxes, are not included in “core net profit.”

Depending on whether documents are accessible, the site area information for a complete project is based on applicable land use rights certificates, land grant contracts, or tender documents. If more than one document is accessible, the information is based on the most recent available document. The GFA figures are based on figures supplied in or estimates based on relevant governmental documents, such as the property ownership certificate, construction work planning permit, pre-sale permit, construction land planning permit, or land use rights certificate.

The 6.95 percent bond due April 2025 has a conversion price of HK$5.53 per share, which is 20% higher than Thursday’s closing price. The shares represent 3.87 percent of the expanded capital if the bonds are fully converted. CIFI Holdings (Group) Co Ltd, a Chinese property developer, announced on Friday that it will issue three-year convertible bonds worth HK$1.96 billion ($250.22 million) to refinance a bond due to mature this month. The Shanghai-based firm is one of the few Chinese developers to be able to raise financing from the capital market, since liquidity for them was nearly depleted following the defaults of China Evergrande Group and others, which shook global markets. The 6.95 percent bond due April 2025 has a conversion price of HK$5.53 per share, which is 20% higher than Thursday’s closing price. The shares represent 3.87 percent of the expanded capital if the bonds are fully converted.

In a document, CIFI stated that the proceeds will be used for refinancing, including the imminent redemption of a 6.70 percent dim sum bond with an outstanding amount of 1.5 billion yuan ($236.29 million) due on April 23. Dim sum bonds are yuan-denominated bonds issued outside of mainland China. In early trading, CIFI’s Hong Kong-listed shares fell more than 13% to HK$3.98 in a market where the main Hang Seng Index fell 0.8 percent.

Bangalore’s best investment areas in 2022

Bangalore is India’s IT capital, with plenty of room for infrastructural development. Bangalore’s real estate industry has been steadily growing over the last few years. Furthermore, government initiatives such as the RERA Act, which aims to benefit both builders, investors, and home buyers, have led stakeholders in Bangalore to recognise the importance of real estate. These features, together with the expansion of IT and infrastructure, transit lines, high-quality building, and market stability, have resulted in a few of the finest places to invest in Bangalore in 2022. Take a look at a few of them. According to some estimates, migrants make about half of Bengaluru’s population, with 64 percent coming from other regions of Karnataka and the rest from other parts of India. While a lot of your expenses will be determined by your own circumstances and lifestyle choices, we’ll look at some of the most common areas where people wind up spending money: property purchases, rent, education, daycare, gasoline bills, food, travel, transportation, utilities, and so on.

Bangalore: How much are you willing to spend for a home in the city?
Bengaluru has both affordable and luxurious neighbourhoods, and a quick look at Housing.com reveals that the city has over 50,000 projects for sale. The prices of these Bengaluru properties for sale range from Rs 1 lakh for residential plots to Rs 40 crores for huge, independent mansions or land parcels. According to current listings, 1BHK units start at Rs 8 lakhs and go up to Rs 13.50 crores, while 2BHK units start at Rs 10 lakhs and go up to Rs 13.50 crores. Luxurious apartments could cost up to Rs 30 crores.

Bangalore’s cost of living: How much does it cost to rent a home in Bangalore?
While 2BHK and 3BHK units are popular in the rental market, smaller flats like 1RK, 1BHK, and even larger units like 4BHKs are plentiful. The cost of renting a home in Bengaluru varies from Rs 7,000 to Rs 1 lakh per month, depending on the specific location, layout, and size of the property, as well as the amenities provided.

In Bangalore, how much do co-living houses cost?
If you’re a student or working professional seeking for co-living or paying guest lodgings in Bengaluru, click here to get a list of available possibilities. These properties have rents ranging from Rs 1,000 per bed to Rs 36,000 per room per unit. Prices vary according to the services provided, such as food, laundry, maintenance, and housekeeping, as well as the property’s location and age.

Average salary of Bangaloreans
As of May 2020, the average pay in Bengaluru is Rs 6,48,000 per year, according to Payscale. India’s IT powerhouse is one of the country’s highest-paying cities. According to the Randstad Insights Salary Trends Report 2019, the city also has the highest CTC for junior employees, at Rs 5.27 lakhs, and the highest CTC for mid-level employees, at Rs 16.47 lakhs. Senior personnel earned an annual salary of Rs 35.45 lakhs. In Bangalore, a good wage range is between Rs 50,000 and Rs 1 lakh per month.

Best places to invest in Bangalore:

Yelahanka
Average property prices in Yelahanka: Rs 6,030 per sq ft
Average monthly rent in Yelahanka: Rs 15,880

After the establishment of the Kempegowda International Airport, this neighbourhood began to draw investors, and as a result, Yelahanka was named one of the finest areas to invest in Bangalore in 2018. This location was once solely a satellite town with numerous industrial units. After the airport opened, Yelhanka became a land of possibilities. Many IT companies have set up shop here, clearing the path for residential development. This market began to attract the interest of large developers due to its enormous expanses of land and strong connectivity via air, rail, and highways. With low land costs and a strong potential for price appreciation, the neighbourhood is continuously developing.

Whitefield
Average property prices in Whitefield: Rs 5,538 per sq ft
Average monthly rent in Whitefield: Rs 18,518

Whitefield is a well-established commercial district in Bangalore that is one of the best places to invest. Whitefield has become a hotbed for real estate investment thanks to the creation of huge IT parks. Several housing options are reasonably accessible to the middle class in Whitefield. This region will surely become a focus for real estate investment now that the purple line metro has been connected and train services have been introduced from Majestic to Whitefield.

Sarjapur Road
Average property prices in Sarjapur Road: Rs 6,147 per sq ft
Average monthly rent in Sarjapur Road: Rs 21,358

Through Sarjapur Road, the Outer Ring Road connects Electronics City and HSR Layout. As the Outer Ring Road grows overwhelmed with IT companies, Sarjapur has emerged as a new commercial and residential hub. Sarjapur Road has experienced substantial expansion and is now one of the best residential areas for nearby businesses. The Outer Ring Road is projected to reduce traffic congestion on Sarjapur Road, which will lead to an increase in home prices. As a result, a plethora of new projects are on the horizon, all of which will likely raise prices.

Kanakapura Road
Average property prices in Kanakapura Road: Rs 6,782 per sq ft
Average monthly rent in Kanakapura Road: Rs 18,255

Kanakapura Road has a special advantage because of its excellent access to the city’s key areas. The projected Peripheral Ring Road will connect it to important roadways such as Mysore Road, Tumkur Road, Hosur Road, and Old Madras Road. This has resulted in the development of new commercial and residential properties in the area. The presence of educational institutions, as well as the development of a metro rail line and road improvements, have elevated the area’s real estate prominence. Developments in this area could lead to a large price increase in the coming years.

Kengeri
Average property prices in Kengeri: Rs 5,451 per sq ft
Average monthly rent in Kengeri: Rs 13,998

Kengeri is a satellite township that has seen industrial expansion and is currently transforming into a thriving real estate investment hub. The abundance of infrastructure, amazing services, and excellent connections in this location are driving real estate expansion. It contains a diverse range of commercial and residential properties, all of which add to the area’s real estate profile. Pleasant Road, ORR, and Mysore Road are all within easy driving distance.

Bannerghatta Road
Average property prices in Bannerghatta Road: Rs 10,918 per sq ft
Average monthly rent in Bannerghatta Road: Rs 16,763

Bannerghatta Road emerges as one of the greatest places to invest in Bangalore real estate because of its proximity to BTM Layout and JP Nagar. It has good access to NICE Road and Mysore Road, as well as large accessible property lots. This neighbourhood is also one of the city’s oldest. As a result, well-established schools, colleges, hospitals, and other amenities may be found. It is a solid investment bet because of its interconnectedness, stable growth rate, and growing development.

 

 

Ajio to launch a technology-based Quality Check Return Product With Delhivery

According to the RedSeer Report, in Fiscal 2021, Delhivery will be India’s largest and fastest-growing fully-integrated player by revenue. Through a mix of world-class infrastructure, high-quality logistical operations, and cutting-edge engineering and technology capabilities, we hope to create the operating system for commerce.

Our staff has successfully fulfilled over 1 billion orders across India since its beginning. We’ve established a nationwide network that serves over 17000 pin codes and has a presence in every state. We can deliver 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year thanks to 21 automated sort centres, 86 gateways, 80+ fulfilment centres, and a team of over 66000 individuals. Delhivery is our name. Our objective is to help customers run cost-effective, flexible, reliable, and resilient supply chains. Across several verticals, such as FMCG, consumer durables, consumer electronics, lifestyle, retail, automotive, and manufacturing, we provided supply chain solutions to a diverse base of over 21000 active customers, including e-commerce marketplaces, direct-to-consumer e-tailers, enterprises, and SMEs.

This is accomplished through high-quality logistics infrastructure and network engineering, a large network of domestic and international partners, and significant automation investments, all of which are orchestrated by our self-developed logistics operating system, which drives network synergies within and across our services and enhances our value proposition to customers.